8. Near the end of the book, while Pangloss was “being hanged, and dissected, and beaten, and made to row in a galley,” he still holds firm to his original views that this is the best of all possible worlds. “I am a philosopher after all. It would not do for me to recant” (p. 88). What are the dangers in holding beliefs that are impermeable to reality, that do not alter according to actual experience?

The disadvantages of holding onto beliefs that conflict with reality can make you naive on whats actually happening and you can possibly avoid situations by simply not having them. A belief similar to Pangloss’s belief of Earth being the best possible world, can make you go through situations that can leave you dumbfounded and confused about whats actually the truth. An example of this was when Pangloss gets hanged, beaten, and made to work in the galley, he still insists that he has the best possible life. When you have a belief, you should be aware of the beliefs that are the opposite of it and be open minded to other beliefs even thought you don't believe them. I think situations and their lessons should influence what you believe in. 

Chapter 21

In this Chapter Martin and Candide are coming form the new world to France and a conversation breaks out over what is man kind is truly like. This is one time despite what Martin says Candide is starting to think for him self, Yet he dose it with Panglosses Philosophy. Also we are finally sure that the change in setting did not make it the best of all possible worlds. I feel the setting threw out the late chapters of the book is disproving the best of all possible world theory.

Chapter 10

In this chapter Candide, Cunegonde,And the old lady find a military ship sailing to the new world. Candide conveniences The head of this military ship with his military skill that he can be a captain. So Candide,Cunegonde,and the old lady sail to the new world. Also,Cunegonde and the old lady get in an argument about who has had the worst life. I fell this is a significance in this chapter is that Candide some how believes a change in setting will effect the best of all possible worlds. 

Chapter 9

                           
In this chapter both of Cunegonde undesired lovers come to the woods to see her only to find that she and Candide are alone together. Candide that kills both of her mistresses. Candide,Cunegonde and the old lady then escape on a horse. The setting in the woods shows how in all of the best of possible worlds there is still evil. So i feel this setting gave more conveyance towards the problem of evil. 

Chapter 8

                                   
In this chapter Cunegonde tell Candide of he horrible tragic back ground. She tells of her horrible ordeal when Candide left and how the bulgars have killed her family all this is made her disbelieve Candide. Voltaire conveys satire threw showing how the setting of the so called perfect world IE the palace in Westphalia is easily turned into a bad situation, Yet this is the best of all possible worlds. 

Chapter 7

This is the chapter when The old lady saves Candide. At this point of the story the setting is shifting from the city of Lisbon to the woods.(Were Cunegonde) I believe the woods sets the mood of the mystical things that are to come.

Near the end of the book, while Pangloss was “being hanged, and dissected, and beaten, and made to row in a galley,” he still holds firm to his original views that this is the best of all possible worlds. “I am a philosopher after all. It would not do for me to recant” (p. 88). What are the dangers in holding beliefs that are impermeable to reality, that do not alter according to actual experience?

One of the dangers in holding beliefs even though there are facts to prove it wrong is death. For example the Nazi's believe that Jews are the reason everything bad happens to them. When in reality it’s their own decisions that make them have the problems they have. Yesterday, a man who is semi Nazi, killed three people at a Jewish Center. Because this man believed that he should hate Jews and be against them, he killed three innocent people.

           Pangloss himself is a good example as well. He let the fact that everything happens for a reason cause him to die. His beliefs went too far and he stuck with it. Yes it makes him a faithful person but it also makes him a dead person as well. If it was me I would probably try to fight to stay alive and realize that death is not my purpose until I’m older and have really experienced life.

The old woman tells Candide: “Imagine my situation, the daughter of a pope, only fifteen years old, who in the space of three months had been exposed to poverty and slavery, had been raped almost daily, had seen her mother torn to pieces, had endured war and famine, and was now dying of the plague in Algiers” (p. 29). What does this passage, and others like it, suggest about the reality of women’s lives during the Age of Reason?

The lives of women were not equal to the life of men. When it came to equality during the Age of Reason women were pushed out of the picture. They were treated as sex slaves and they were beaten just because they were a bit weaker. With women being weaker all kinds of things would happen to them.  Just how the old woman was treated in Candide that’s how real women were acted upon. Woman didn't have a say so they just did what they were told. A feminist which is a person who believe in equality against both gender would argue that women deserve much better than what they got.

Chapter 15: How Candide Killed the Brother of his Dear Cunegonde

Candide and Cacambo are now where the Jesuits are located. It is here where Candide learns about what happens to Cunegonde’s brother and how he became a Jesuit. This is also where Candide slaughters him.

 What is a Jesuits?

        A Jesuit is a Christian male religious congregation of the Catholic Church.  

Who was the founder?

        Ignatius Loyola in 1540

What do they do?

        They try to say souls but really look for those who need to be saved the most.

What does the HIS mean on the symbol?

        “Catholic Christian symbolism in art provides a clear graphic illustration which represents people or items of religious significance. What is the definition and the meaning of the IHS? The IHS Christian Emblem is a Monogram which represents the Holy Name of Jesus consisting of the three letters: IHS. During the Middle Ages, the Name of Jesus was written: IHESUS.”

Sources: http://www.slu.edu/jesuit-faq, http://www.catholic-saints.info/catholic-symbols/ihs-christian-symbol.htm

Chapter 14: How Candide and Cacambo were received by the Jesuits of Paraguay

After Candide and Cunegonde separate he and Cacambo arrive in Paraguay. Voltaire describes this place as an “…beautiful summer-house, ornamented with a very pretty colonnade of green and gold marble, and with trellises, enclosing parquets, humming-birds, fly-birds, and all other rare birds" which is very ironic (33). It is ironic because the setting is set as a beautiful place, yet horrible things happen. Normally when the setting is describe as beautiful and full of life great things should happened. For Candide the exact opposite happens when Cunegonde’s brother slices his face and when he kills him for it.

Although this piece is not very common for the time period, it dose a great job of showing the satiric mood of the story. Just imagine traveling the world and seeing all the humor in a tragic way. 

Chapter 6

Chapter 6
Following the earthquake the city of Lisbon decides to execute people as a sacrifice. They choose a man who married his godmother and two Jewish man. They also decide to hang Pangloss. They also flog Candide. At this point of the story Candide begins to disbelieve Panglosses teachings. This may be the most important chapter to the plot structure in the whole book. This is because Panglosse him self is hung, The city is destroyed, and utter chaos is going on, yet this is the best of all possible worlds.
This chapter is basically the after math of the earth quake.

Major setting: Lisbon

Tragic Story

Biography:

          A boy named Kendrick Johnson was found dead in the gym of his school. His body was in a mat in the gym. Investigators say that he died from suffocation from the mats but evidence proves something else. They said that he was trying to get his shoes from the bottom of the mat but photos show that his shoes were on top of the body. There was blood on the walls that investigators accidentally missed or maybe they did on purpose. A video shows Kendrick going in the gym and never coming back out the next day.

CHAPTER 13: How Candide Was Forced Away From Fair Cunegonde and the Old Woman

Candide, Cunegonde and the old woman have now made it to Buenos Ayres. This is where poor Candide had to separate from his love because there were people who were coming to kill him for killing Grand Inquisitor.

The Grand Inquisitor was a very important figure within the Portuguese Catholic Church. They are the people who give others sentences for practicing their old or own religion. If the person was not practicing catholic teachings.

Candide says “It is a great pity that the sage Pangloss was hanged contrary to custom at an auto-da-fe…” remembering his old friend (Candide 30). An auto-da-fe is where the Grand Inquisitor hangs the people who don’t follow his teachings. Since we know that Pangloss and the Grand Inquisitor didn’t teach the same thing we can infer that this is why he got hanged.

May the adventure begin

What became of Candide among the Bulgarians

After Candide and Cunegondewere caught kissing; Candide was kicked out of the castle by the Baron

Candide was Driven from the terrestrial paradise
crying and crying because he no longer lived in the most magnificent of castles.

If it was not for ths: Candide would have never gone on his adventure
Everything happens for a reason!

Best of all possible wolds

This is Candides best of all possible worlds. All things happen for a reason.
They need to happen for other things to happes.

Chapter 12: The Adventures of the Old Woman Continued

In This chapter the old woman continues her story and tells Cunegonde and Candide about a man who tricked her and told her he would take her back to Italy. Instead the man sells her to someone in Algiers. There they had a plague and it nearly killed her yet she made it through.

           

A plague is a serious bacterial infection that can be deadly. This plague was all over Europe and it was also known as The Black Plague. It all began because flees would bite dead rats and then bite people which lead to infections. People who were caught in the plague had boils, open sores, fevers, headaches, chills and worse. Not only did the plague spread through Europe it also went through Asia and the Middle East.

During the time of the plague the French people took over Algeria. With the takeover came racism right behind it. The French people felt as if the Arabians were under them. This lead to unequal treatment between the two making anyone not french.

            

After that she was sold from Algiers, to Tunis, to Tripoli, to Alexandria, to Smyrna, and then Constantinople. As a slave this woman had been to all these places from multiple people. The picture above is a display of the places she was sold.

Source: http://www.kennethfrawley.com/black_plague_by_ashley_perez.htm

Chapter 11: History of the Old Woman

The old woman tells Candide and Cunegonde her terrifying story of when she was younger.After her, her mother, and her maids were captured they were taken by ship as slaves and on their way to Morocco. When they arrive there is a war going on "... this produced fifty civil wars, of blacks against blacks, and blacks against tawnies, and twanies against twanies, and mulattoes against mulattoes" stated the old woman (Candide 25). Not only was there a war on land there was war on the ship over her mother. While in Morocco on the ship people were fighting over her mother and literally ripped her limb from limb. This left the old woman in a horrible state of shock.

Chapter 1

          How Candide was brought up in a Magnificent Castle, and how he was expelled thence

 

Setting:

1.  Castlle

• Located in Westphalia
• Belong to the Baron og Tunder-ten-Tronckh
• Best of all castles
• Most magnificent of castle

    2.  People that lived in the Castle

• Candide
• Cunegonde
• Thunder-ten-Tronckh
• Master Pangloss
• Baron's Son
• Baron's lady

Setting Overview

The book Candide has a variety setting. Perhaps like all setting in all story, This was made to convey the moral of the story and to address the problem of evil.